Chlorine Dioxide Generator Chemicals (ClO₂ Bleaching)
Chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) is the primary bleaching agent in modern elemental chlorine-free (ECF) kraft pulp bleaching, offering superior delignification selectivity and brightness stability compared to molecular chlorine. Generator precursor chemicals — typically sodium chlorate and reducing agents such as sulfur dioxide or methanol — are used in on-site ClO₂ production systems at pulp mills.
Technical Specifications
| appearance | Yellow-green gas (generated on-site); precursors are liquids/solids |
| purity (%) | ≥ 99.5 (sodium chlorate precursor) |
| pH (solution) | 2.0–4.0 |
| ClO₂ concentration (aqueous solution, g/L) | 8–10 |
Applications
- ECF bleaching of kraft softwood and hardwood pulps
- D-stage delignification in multi-stage bleaching sequences
- Brightness reversion prevention in bleached kraft pulp
- On-site ClO₂ generation at integrated pulp/paper mills
- High-brightness tissue and printing paper production
Key Features
- Highest selectivity for lignin removal in ECF bleaching
- Minimal fiber degradation and excellent brightness stability
- On-site generation eliminates transport of hazardous ClO₂ gas
- Produces pulp with low AOX and low effluent toxicity
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